Ku ya 15 Ugushyingo, RCEP, ihuriro rikomeye ry’amasezerano y’ubucuruzi ku isi, ryasinywe ku mugaragaro nyuma y’imyaka umunani y’ibiganiro! Havutse agace k’ubucuruzi k’ubuntu gafite abaturage benshi, imiterere y’abanyamuryango itandukanye cyane, n’ubushobozi bukomeye bw’iterambere ku isi. Iki ni intambwe ikomeye mu nzira yo guhuza ubukungu bw’akarere ka Aziya y’Iburasirazuba, kandi byashyize imbaraga nshya mu kugarura ubukungu bw’akarere ndetse n’ubw’isi.

Ibicuruzwa birenga 90% buhoro buhoro nta misoro biharangwa

Ibiganiro bya RCEP bishingiye ku bufatanye bwa "10+3" bwabanje kandi birushaho kwagura intego kugeza kuri "10+5". Mbere y'ibi, Ubushinwa bwashyizeho agace k'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu n'ibihugu icumi bya ASEAN, kandi imisoro ya zeru y'agace k'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu hagati y'Ubushinwa na ASEAN yari itwaye ibirenga 90% by'imisoro y'impande zombi.

Nk’uko ikinyamakuru China Times kibitangaza, Zhu Yin, umwarimu wungirije w’ishami ry’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu mu ishuri ry’imibanire mpuzamahanga, yagize ati: “Nta gushidikanya ko ibiganiro bya RCEP bizafata ingamba zikomeye mu kugabanya inzitizi ku misoro. Mu gihe kiri imbere, 95% cyangwa irenga by’imisoro ntibizavanwa mu gushyira mu byiciro bya zeru. Isoko naryo rizaba rinini kurushaho, ari na yo nyungu ikomeye ku bigo by’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga.”

Dukurikije imibare yo mu 2018, ibihugu 15 bigize aya masezerano bizakorera abantu bagera kuri miliyari 2.3 ku isi, bangana na 30% by'abaturage b'isi; umusaruro rusange w'igihugu uzarenga tiriyari 25 z'amadolari y'Amerika, kandi akarere kazakorerwamo kazaba agace kanini ku isi gakorerwamo ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu.

Mu bihembwe bitatu bya mbere by'uyu mwaka, ingano y'ubucuruzi hagati y'Ubushinwa na ASEAN yageze kuri miliyari 481.81 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ubwiyongere bwa 5% ugereranyije n'umwaka. ASEAN yabaye umufatanyabikorwa ukomeye mu bucuruzi w'Ubushinwa, kandi ishoramari ry'Ubushinwa muri ASEAN ryiyongereyeho 76.6% ugereranyije n'umwaka.

Byongeye kandi, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry'amasezerano rizafasha no kubaka uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa n'uruhererekane rw'agaciro mu karere. Wang Shouwen, Minisitiri wungirije w'Ubucuruzi akaba n'Uhagarariye Ibiganiro Mpuzamahanga by'Ubucuruzi, yigeze kugaragaza ko gushyiraho agace k'ubucuruzi bw'ubwisanzure mu karere bizafasha akarere ko mu gace gukora uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa n'uruhererekane rw'agaciro hashingiwe ku byiza byarwo bigereranywa, kandi bizagira ingaruka ku rujya n'uruza rw'ibicuruzwa n'ikoranabuhanga mu karere. , Urujya n'uruza rwa serivisi, urujya n'uruza rw'imari, harimo n'urujya n'uruza rw'abantu bambuka imipaka bizagira inyungu nini, bitanga ingaruka zo "guhanga ubucuruzi".

Dufate urugero rw'inganda z'imyenda. Niba imyenda ya Vietnam yoherejwe mu Bushinwa ubu, izagomba kwishyura imisoro. Niba yinjiye mu masezerano y'ubucuruzi bw'ubwisanzure, uruhererekane rw'agaciro rw'akarere ruzatangira gukoreshwa. Ubushinwa butumiza ubwoya muri Ositaraliya na Nouvelle-Zélande. Kubera ko bwasinye amasezerano y'ubucuruzi bw'ubwisanzure, bushobora gutumiza ubwoya nta misoro mu gihe kizaza. Nyuma yo kubutumiza, buzakorwamo imyenda mu Bushinwa. Uyu mwenda ushobora koherezwa muri Vietnam. Vietnam ikoresha uyu mwenda mu gukora imyenda mbere yo koherezwa muri Koreya y'Epfo, Ubuyapani, Ubushinwa n'ibindi bihugu, ibi bishobora kuba nta misoro bisoreshwa, bizateza imbere iterambere ry'inganda z'imyenda n'imyenda zo mu gihugu, bigakemura akazi, kandi ni byiza cyane mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.

Bityo rero, nyuma y’uko RCEP ishyizweho umukono, niba ibirenga 90% by’ibicuruzwa bizagenda bitakaza imisoro buhoro buhoro, bizateza imbere cyane ubukungu bw’ibihugu birenga icumi na bibiri, harimo n’Ubushinwa.

Muri icyo gihe, mu rwego rwo guhindura imiterere y’ubukungu bw’imbere mu gihugu no kugabanuka kw’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, RCEP izazana amahirwe mashya ku byoherezwa mu mahanga by’imyenda n’imyenda mu Bushinwa.

Ingaruka zigira ku nganda z'imyenda ni izihe?

Amategeko y'Inkomoko Yorohereza Ikwirakwizwa ry'Ibikoresho by'Imyenda

Muri uyu mwaka, Komite y'Umushyikirano ya RCEP izibanda ku kuganira no gutegura amategeko agenga inkomoko mu ngingo za leta. Bitandukanye na CPTPP, ifite amategeko akaze agenga inkomoko ku bicuruzwa bifite imisoro ntarengwa mu bihugu bigize umuryango, nko mu nganda z'imyenda n'imyenda Ikurikiza itegeko ryo gutanga imisoro, ni ukuvuga ko, guhera ku budodo, bigomba kugurwa mu bihugu bigize umuryango kugira ngo bibone imisoro ntarengwa. Kimwe mu ngingo z'ingenzi z'imishyikirano ya RCEP ni ukumenya ko ibihugu 16 bisangiye icyemezo cy'inkomoko, kandi Aziya izahuzwa n'inkomoko imwe yuzuye. Nta gushidikanya ko ibi bizaha inganda z'imyenda n'imyenda zo muri ibi bihugu 16, umucuruzi, ubwikorezi n'imisoro ya gasutamo bizana uburyohe bukomeye.

Bizakemura ibibazo by'ibikoresho fatizo by'inganda z'imyenda zo muri Vietnam

Umuyobozi w'Ishami rishinzwe Inkomoko y'Ibiro Bishinzwe Itumiza no Kohereza mu mahanga bya Minisiteri y'Inganda n'Ubucuruzi, Zheng Thi Chuxian, yavuze ko ikintu gikomeye cya RCEP kizagirira akamaro inganda zo kohereza mu mahanga muri Vietnam ari amategeko agenga inkomoko yazo, ni ukuvuga ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo biva mu bindi bihugu bigize umuryango mu gihugu kimwe. Iki gicuruzwa kiracyafatwa nk'igihugu cyaturutsemo.

Urugero, ibicuruzwa byinshi bikorwa na Vietnam hakoreshejwe ibikoresho fatizo biva mu Bushinwa ntibishobora kuzamuka ku musoro iyo byoherejwe mu Buyapani, Koreya y'Epfo n'Ubuhinde. Nk'uko RCEP ibivuga, ibicuruzwa bikorwa na Vietnam hakoreshejwe ibikoresho fatizo biva mu bindi bihugu bigize umuryango biracyafatwa nk'aho bikomoka muri Vietnam. Imisoro y'agaciro irahari kugira ngo yoherezwe mu mahanga. Mu 2018, inganda z'imyenda zo muri Vietnam zohereje mu mahanga miliyari 36.2 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ariko ibikoresho fatizo byinjijwe mu mahanga (nk'ipamba, imigozi, n'ibindi bikoresho) byageze kuri miliyari 23 z'amadolari y'Amerika, ibyinshi muri byo byatumizwaga mu Bushinwa, Koreya y'Epfo n'Ubuhinde. RCEP niramuka isinyweho, izakemura impungenge z'inganda z'imyenda zo muri Vietnam ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho fatizo.

Urusobe rw'imyenda ku isi rwitezweho kuba urwego ruyoboye Ubushinwa n'ibihugu by'abaturanyi

Bitewe n’iterambere rirambye ry’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere mu bijyanye n’imyenda n’imyenda, ikoranabuhanga ryo gushushanya no gukora ibikoresho fatizo n’ibifasha mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda, hari uburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hasi bwimuriwe muri Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Epfo. Nubwo ubucuruzi bw’imyenda n’imyenda byarangiye mu Burasirazuba bwa Aziya bwagabanutse, kohereza mu mahanga ibikoresho fatizo n’ibifasha mu bucuruzi bw’imyenda biziyongera cyane.

Nubwo inganda z'imyenda zo mu bihugu byo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'uburasirazuba zihagarariwe na Vietnam zikomeje kwiyongera, amasosiyete y'imyenda yo mu Bushinwa ntabwo ari mu mwanya wo gusimburwa burundu.

RCEP ihuriweho n'Ubushinwa n'Uburasirazuba bwa Aziya na yo igamije kugera kuri ubwo bufatanye bugamije inyungu rusange. Binyuze mu bufatanye mu bukungu bw'akarere, Ubushinwa n'ibihugu byo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Amajyepfo bishobora kugera ku iterambere rusange.

Mu gihe kizaza, mu ruhererekane rw'imyenda ku isi, hateganijwe ko hazavuka icyerekezo cyiganje cy'Ubushinwa n'ibihugu by'abaturanyi.